birth record uk
where can i look at uk death/birth records for free?
does anyone know where i can access birth and death records (for england) for free? i want to find out about the death of my sister, i have a lot of questions, and i feel that this is where i can start to find answers. i have tried looking, but everything i have come across costs money, and i cant really afford to pay for this information.
UK answer.
The only kind of BMD record are the indice, you can access up to 1920 on freebmd I don’t know the full address as this isn’t one that I use. I have membership with www.ancestry.co.uk the indice on ancestry, go from 1837-1983 then from 1984-2005 that’s the computerised records. The only information you can get from these records is their name, the place the death was registered in, the quarter and the volume and page number so that you can order a certificate from the GRO
http://www.gro.gov.uk/gro/content/
Hope this helps.
Nation Building in the UK, France and Russia
Introduction
Nation building in Europe has been an object in each country.
In order to understand the idea of building the nation and its history in European states, it is necessary to clarify the meaning of a nation. Some researchers define a state as a community that has a monopoly on the legitimate use of force in a specific territory. Given this definition, nation-building may be defined as the integration efforts of citizens in the state. In addition, it can be considered as the process of expansion of citizens and giving them the right to participate in political decisions the day. There are other definitions of the modern nation-building, however, this particular test will be on the old definition referred as this is particularly relevant for the European revolutions. The similarities and differences of three European nations, the United Kingdom, France and Russia, will be analyzed and a conclusion made. (Mason, 2004)
Similarities between the United Kingdom, France and the efforts of the Russian nation building
After the 1707 Union, Britain has faced several uprisings. In the middle of the eighteenth century, American settlers refused to pay taxes to the British. They have received support from the French and the American Revolution began in 1775. This led to independence Americans scored and British interests in Africa and Asia. The French were also interested in colonialism, however, their reasons behind these interests were very different. Great Britain were particularly interested in the colonies to trade while the French wanted to extend their cultural supremacy. The last question was why the French wanted to transform the lifestyles of their citizens.
Great Britain began to dominate most areas of the world and France has tried the same but was unable to reach the British level. The France became a force to reckon with under the rule of Napoleon. The French empire had threatened to take over the British colonies and also to attack the British Empire directly.
Similarly, Russia was also under the threat of foreign intervention. However, their case was different because the United Kingdom was able to overcome French forces, but Russia could not overcome the Bolsheviks. The Russians formed a coalition of two different factions: it is the moderate socialists and liberals. Because of differences in ideologies between the two groups, their policies have not worked. This left Russia vulnerable to foreign attack and to facilitate the takeover by a communist group known like the Bolsheviks in the year 1917.
In addition to this challenge, Great Britain has also had many religious and political tensions within its borders. Britain was in the process of integration of Ireland as part of its citizens. However, this merger was based on religious beliefs classification. The British monarch and his parliament were largely Protestant and they do not want the Irish Catholics to send representatives Parliament. This was quite unfair because almost ninety percent of the population in Ireland was Catholic. These religious tensions involved Union of Great Britain and Ireland after 1800. Similarly, Russia faced its own internal problems. Many farmers in the middle of the eighteenth century were opposed to the abolition of serfdom that occurred during the year 1861. Consequently, many citizens felt the need for a revolution to show their increasing dissatisfaction with the policies of the Russian government. (Bardhan, 2005)
The French also suffered their own share of religious strife. Maybe their representation of religious tension has been the worst of the three European countries. In the sixteenth century, the French Wars of Religion were among the worst in the continent. These tensions were mostly between Catholics and Protestants management of the latter to obtain support from other countries such as German and Spanish.
In the early nineteenth century, the French under Napoleon Bonaparte has grown to become the Army's most influential in Europe. However, the United Kingdom remains the dominant economic sector. Therefore, the France wanted to introduce the continental system in order to exclude the United Kingdom of this union, and also to achieve a dominant position in Europe. However, this arrangement did not work. This battle for supremacy was an issue that has determined the two countries last extension strategies.
There were growing tensions between the population if Ireland and Great Britain in the early twentieth century the term has seen the birth of Unionists and nationalists. These tensions have continued even after several years. Meanwhile, the United Kingdom has decided to drop most of its colonies such as India and New Zealand. However, these countries were still part of the United Nations common wealth. The following organization gave Britain a chance to hear their complaints to the former colonies and the same privilege was granted to the respective colonies.
The French also had experience similar in their colonies, they had to travel to the colonies which gives them authority to govern themselves. (Tilly, 1993)
Note the United Kingdom lost its position as a major superpower after the Second World War. This war drained the economy and the United Kingdom needed to obtain loans from the U.S. to survive. Therefore, the country could no longer control the colonies in the mid-twentieth century. That is why the country has most of them up and gave them independence. The same can be said about the Soviet Union (including Russia). They had participated in the Second World War, but the impact on their economy is too heavy to carry. These are some of the problems that undermine Russia after the war
- death of nearly twenty-seven million citizens
- destruction of about one thousand seven hundred cities
- Devastating form Germans
- Destruction of the Jews in areas occupied by the Germans
All these issues led to the subsequent collapse Soviet economic and social institutions.
The process of nation building for Great Britain has continued in the years 1960 and 70, when the country began construction of many infrastructures. The country began modernizing and finally established. However, in the eighties nineteen, Britain was again facing an economic slowdown. Most of the issues that had made the country strong in the past has begun collapsing these included industrialization and employment. But in the eighties, he was back on its feet. (Francisco, 2000)
For the latter three countries had one thing in common in their strategies of nation building, they all participated in the First World War and they were on one team. During World War I, Britain was not militarily well prepared, therefore, their role as French allies has not been very beneficial to the latter state. However, the Soviet Union was crucial in the war against the Germans and their allies. There were many battles fought in France and this has led to the death and destruction of many. However, after the war, the France and Great Britain shared the spoils after beating Germany. Germany was forced to admit that he was fully responsible for the war and had to withdraw from their colonies to France and Great Britain. Therefore, both countries benefited from the First World War.
Differences between Russia, the United Kingdom and the efforts of nation building France
The Kingdom – Kingdom of Great Britain and Scotland came into force in the early eighteenth century (1707). At that time, Britain wanted to include Scotland as part of its citizens for a number of reasons. They needed an ally against other opponents in Europe, they also need more Protestants in their government. Scotland, the other agreed to sign a Treaty of Union in order to recover their pro-poor economic situation. In addition, the Scots have been politically contested because they had not established their own empire.
In contrast, Russia has not been formed after a union of two sovereign states. The country has been largely characterized by a number of expansions with a dominant force, Moscow throughout the Empire Grand Duchy. This occurred during the eighteenth century. Most decisions taken at that time were largely based on the fact that Russia was separated from other parts of Europe. (Parker, 2000)
The Russians were essentially different that of the United Kingdom because of the fact that Russia has experienced a revolution in the year 1917. The following reasons caused this war
- Displeasure against an autocratic regime
- Weariness of the World War
- The poor economic performance
- Formation of certain factions within their country
The country had been involved in the World War, it took a large share of their resources, and they were economically drained. The Tsars had taken power and none of them wanted to give it up. This autocratic rule served to aggravate the people of Russia. They wanted participate in government and contribute to some of the decisions within their government. In addition, some reforms made by the government were not acceptable for the common man as the reform of 1906 and constitutional reform Stolypin. Even some of the positive changes made by the Government of age have not been fully accepted by the people. The question of a reversal was unique to Russia as the same thing does not occur in Great Britain.
Another issue that was specific to Russia was that they were engulfed by the Soviet Union between 1922 to 1991. This empire is largely based on the ideology of socialism. This principle has been manifested in many ways ie by through their economy and also through their cultural expressions. (Acemoglu and Robinson, 2005)
France has also been a revolution in French. This occurred in the eighteenth century and was caused by a number of political reasons which were quite different from Russia. At that time, the nation was in serious financial difficulties. Its ruler, King Louis XVI wanted to tax on certain nobles. This does not go down well with them and scored a series of separations between the government. There were some uprisings that followed in subsequent years because of differences between these two groups. These events were largely unique to the French.
While the policy of the United Kingdom were largely governed by the monarch, Russia, on the other hand has been ruled by communist dictators. That lasted sixties pertussis and is repressed society in general. The Soviet Union had a system of a party which prohibits any form of opposition. In addition, the country has struggled against bad leadership from individuals such as Stalin. Stalin had established a rule that all farmers had to sell their crops to the government. This decline serious economic killed many people. On the other hand, it also caused an increase in urban population. This dictator has tried to suppress the voice of his people through performances on false accounts of crimes. None of these atrocities have been registered in the United Kingdom or even in the Republic of France. (Almond, 2004)
Conclusion
National building channels in the United Kingdom, France and Russia are quite unique to those specific countries. However, there were some similarities. For example, Britain and France had colonies, as all three countries took part the First World War and enjoyed. Besides, there were internal conflicts that prevail in Russia and France which led to revolutions. There was also marked differences between these three countries to strengthen their national. For example, Russia recorded dictatorships more than any other country because its communist ideals. In addition, Great Britain was formed after the signing of a treaty between England and Scotland. On the other hand, Russia or the Soviet Union were formed in response to foreign invasions.
Reference
Almond, G. et al. (2004): European Politics Today, Blackwell Publishers
Acemoglu, D. and Robinson, J. (2005): Economic Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy, Cambridge University Press
Bardhan, P. (2005): poverty, conflict and cooperation, MA: MIT Press
Francisco R. (2000): The Politics of Regime Transitions. Boulder, CO: Westview
Mason, D. (2004): Caught in the Crossfire: Revolution, repression and the Rational Peasant, MD: Rowman and Littlefired
Parker, D. (2000): Revolutions and the revolutionary tradition in the West, 1560-1991. New York: Routledge, 2000.
Tilly, C. (1993): European Revolutions, 1492-1992, MA: Blackwell
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